Does indoor air quality affect cardiovascular health?

Office indoor air quality (IAQ) may impact human behaviour and well-being in a number of ways. For example, scientists have identified the link between IAQ and worker productivity.

Other researchers have turned their attention towards how IAQ impacts cardiovascular health. According to a 2014 report from the National Heart Foundation of Australia, of those aged 2 years or older, 5 per cent said they live with some kind of cardiovascular disease.So, what’s the link between heart issues and IAQ?

Factors that lead to cardiovascular problems 

To be fair, poor IAQ isn’t the only cause of cardiovascular problems. However, the American Heart Association (AMA) found that pollution may inflame the heart, which could lead to long-term issues. Dr Russell Luepker, a cardiologist and professor from the University of Minnesota’s School of Health acknowledged this reality.

“There are a wide variety of things in the air. Some are natural, some are manmade,” said Dr Russell Luepker, as quoted by the AMA.

“We are all exposed, to a certain degree.”

Specifically, the AMA noted that many medical researchers are worried about particles smaller than 2.5 microns. Fuel combustion typically create these molecules, which are difficult to identify without the proper instruments. Because of their incredibly small size, their ability to enter the human body is quite high.

Dr Luepker maintained that anyone who lives in a congested area, works in a factory or directs traffic are typically at risk for developing heart problems associated with air pollution.

Indoor air quality and heart health 

Because the particles which may lead to cardiovascular disease are so difficult to detect, using digital IAQ measurement instruments is necessary. These instruments can detect low amounts of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO) and other substances that may harm human health.

But should facility managers put these devices to use? A study published in the North American Journal of Medical Sciences noted that CO is a particularly dangerous gas, as it is highly toxic, yet difficult for humans to detect via scent, sight or taste.

CO levels may increase if indoor HVAC systems are poorly maintained or installed. Malfunctioning water heaters can also exacerbate CO emissions. In regard to cardiovascular health, the gas negatively impacts the oxygenation process, as it produces carboxyhemoglobin. This ultimately has a poor effect on cardiovascular tissue.

Due to these concerns, businesses and professionals in charge of maintaining healthful office environments should assess their HVAC systems to ensure they’re operating appropriately.